Analysis of foot structure in pre-school children

The foot is a complex biokinematic structure and an important part of the static-dynamic musculoskeletal system. Its supportive, weight-bearing and locomotor functions are essential. These tasks can be fulfilled when the morphological foot structure, particularly the shape of longitudinal and transverse arches, are normal. During various stages of development, the foot structure undergoes changes, whose intensity varies. In infancy, the foot is covered by the soft adipose tissue and the process of ossification is poorly advanced. Therefore, this period is characterised by physiological platypodia. When infants aged about one year assume the erect position, locomotion is the major factor involved in shaping the structure of feet. At the age of 3-4 years, the internal plantar foot arch starts to be shaped. The transverse and longitudinal arches are observed in six-year old children, albeit the process is continued. The pres- and early-school period is characterised by large changes within the foot. The analysis of foot structure in pre- and early-school children is essential for prevention or treatment of disorders, whenever required [1,2,3].]
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the foot shape in pre-school children.